{"id":675,"date":"2026-09-30T09:32:18","date_gmt":"2026-09-30T09:32:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/?p=675"},"modified":"2026-09-30T09:44:32","modified_gmt":"2026-09-30T09:44:32","slug":"de-kscl-vat-li-tot-nghiep-truong-thpt-le-thanh-tong-2027-lan-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/de-kscl-vat-li-tot-nghiep-truong-thpt-le-thanh-tong-2027-lan-1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ec1 KSCL V\u1eadt L\u00ed t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng THPT L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng 2027 l\u1ea7n 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm \u0110\u1ec1 KSCL V\u1eadt L\u00ed t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng THPT L\u00ea Th\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng 2027 l\u1ea7n 1<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1eefu \u00edch gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc sinh l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ra \u0111\u1ec1, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c V\u1eadt L\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m b\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef3 thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p THPT. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ec1 thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea3i file \u0111\u1ec1 PDF \u1edf cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 1.<\/strong> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng sang th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0<\/p>\n

A. s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

B. s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n

C. s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n

D. s\u1ef1 s\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 2.<\/strong> J\/(kg.K) l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n

A. N\u1ed9i n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

B. Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

C. Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

D. Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 3.<\/strong> H\u1ec7 th\u1ee9c $\\Delta U = A + Q$ v\u1edbi $A > 0, Q < 0$ di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n

A. Nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

B. Nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 sinh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

C. Nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

D. Nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 4.<\/strong> Ch\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u sai. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng khi \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1<\/p>\n

A. th\u1ec3 t\u00edch.<\/p>\n

B. kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

C. k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (nguy\u00ean t\u1eed).<\/p>\n

D. tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (nguy\u00ean t\u1eed).<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 5.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n

A. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

B. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

C. C\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

D. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 6.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i?<\/p>\n

A. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Dalton.<\/p>\n

B. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Charles. C. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Boyle.<\/p>\n

D. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Gay-luysac.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 7.<\/strong> Ch\u1ecdn c\u00e2u sai khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed. Ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3<\/p>\n

A. h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

B. kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn v\u00e0 l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

C. c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

D. th\u1ec3 n\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 8.<\/strong> V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n

A. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

B. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t, th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

C. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

D. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 9<\/strong>. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0<\/p>\n

A. chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Brown.<\/p>\n

B. chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Ampere.<\/p>\n

C. chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Newton.<\/p>\n

D. chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Volta.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 10<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e3n n\u1edf \u0111\u1eb3ng \u00e1p trong xilanh k\u00edn. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang?<\/p>\n

A. Kh\u00ed th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

B. Kh\u00ed th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

C. Kh\u00ed nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trung b\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

D. Kh\u00ed nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 11.<\/strong> \u0110\u1eb3ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n

A. ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

B. ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f2n hai th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

C. c\u1ea3 ba th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

D. c\u1ea3 ba th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 12.<\/strong> Ch\u1ecdn ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u sai.<\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta<\/p>\n

A. \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p khi nung ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

B. l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nung ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C. x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i sau khi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec.<\/p>\n

D. \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 nung ch\u1ea3y kim lo\u1ea1i khi bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a l\u00f2 nung.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 13.<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u00edch<\/p>\n

\"\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n

A. H\u00ecnh $H_1$.<\/p>\n

B. H\u00ecnh $H_2$.<\/p>\n

C. H\u00ecnh $H_3$.<\/p>\n

D. H\u00ecnh $H_4$.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 14.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i 1 sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i 2. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang?<\/p>\n

A. Khi th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed t\u0103ng th\u00ec m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

B. T\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

C. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trung b\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed lu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

D. N\u1ed9i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 15.<\/strong> Khi \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thang nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau, ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang?<\/p>\n

A. S\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 lu\u00f4n gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n

B. S\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau do c\u00e1ch quy \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i thang nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo thang nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

D. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thang Celsius m\u1edbi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 16.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc sinh d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc trong nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf. Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: $c = \\frac{UIt}{m\\Delta T}$, trong \u0111\u00f3 U l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf, I l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111un, m l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 $\\Delta T$ l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 sai?<\/p>\n

\"M\u1ed9t<\/p>\n

A. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

B. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hao ph\u00ed ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

C. Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng khi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n

D. Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1ecfa ra t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian \u0111un t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 17.<\/strong> Khi \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf, c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n

A. Ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111o c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

B. \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ngay khi nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf v\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

C. \u0110o nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00ed c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o.<\/p>\n

D. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 chia nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf sai s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 18.<\/strong> H\u1ecdc sinh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t xilanh chia \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1p k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. H\u1ecdc sinh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c sau:<\/p>\n

\"H\u1ecdc<\/p>\n

a. \u0110\u1ea9y p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eb7p gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ec3 t\u00edch tr\u00ean xilanh v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u00e1p k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

b. B\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n l\u00ean p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 thang \u0111o c\u1ee7a xilanh.<\/p>\n

c. K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i xilanh v\u1edbi \u00e1p k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c l\u00e0<\/p>\n

A. b, c, a.<\/p>\n

B. b, a, c.<\/p>\n

C. c, a, b.<\/p>\n

D. c, b, a.<\/p>\n

PH\u1ea6N II. C\u00e2u tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00fang sai.<\/strong> Th\u00ed sinh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb c\u00e2u 1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2u 4. M\u1ed7i c\u00e2u \u00fd a), b), c), d) \u1edf m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u, th\u00ed sinh<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 1.<\/strong> N\u0103m 1827, Robert Brown khi quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n hoa trong n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00fang<\/strong><\/td>\nSai<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a) Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n hoa v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng Brown.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b) C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n hoa chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea5p kh\u00fac kh\u00f4ng theo m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c) C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n hoa n\u00ean khi va \u0111\u1eadp s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n hoa chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d) Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e0ng nhanh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n h\u01a1n n\u00ean h\u1ea1t ph\u1ea5n hoa c\u0169ng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n h\u01a1n.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e2u 2<\/strong>. C\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung sau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0o l\u00e0 sai?<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00fang<\/strong><\/td>\nSai<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a) C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00ec k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trung b\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b) Gi\u1eefa hai l\u1ea7n va ch\u1ea1m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua l\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c) Khi c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed, va ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d) M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 kh\u00ed th\u1ef1c c\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e2u 3. <\/strong>M\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng x\u1ed1p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 \u0111ang tan \u1edf $0^\\circ C$. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng th\u00f9ng x\u1ed1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chai n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u $t > 0^\\circ C$. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00fang<\/strong><\/td>\nSai<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a) Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea1nh, n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c chai truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 trong th\u00f9ng.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b) Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 \u0111ang n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c) B\u1ecf qua s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf chai. N\u1ebfu khi c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 th\u00ec kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 tan m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: $M.c.t = m\\lambda$. trong \u0111\u00f3 M l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c chai, c l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 $\\lambda$ l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d) Khi h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1, n\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chai n\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00f9ng th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chai c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi $0^\\circ C$.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u00e2u 4.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t xilanh trong su\u1ed1t c\u00f3 v\u1ea1ch chia th\u1ec3 t\u00edch. B\u00ean trong xilanh ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ed1t k\u00edn b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng nh\u1eb9, di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ma s\u00e1t. Xilanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c qua hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n

\"M\u1ed9t<\/p>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1:<\/strong> Kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch $V_1$, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 $T_1$ v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t $p_1$. H\u1ecdc sinh \u1ea5n p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng th\u1eadt ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n $V_2$, trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c $T_1$.<\/p>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: <\/strong>Ch\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7t p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed $V_2$. Nh\u00fang to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 xilanh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1eadu n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn $T_2$ v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00fang<\/strong><\/td>\nSai<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
a) Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1, thao t\u00e1c \u1ea5n p\u00edt-t\u00f4ng “th\u1eadt ch\u1eadm” gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, do \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b) \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n (1), \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ee9c: $p_1 V_1 = p_2 V_2$.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c) Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2, kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u00edch. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111o b\u1eb1ng thang Celsius.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d) Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed trong l\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2, gio\u0103ng cao su b\u1ecb h\u1edf khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 ra ngo\u00e0i. Khi h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 $T_3$, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c $\\frac{p_3 V_3}{T_3}$ t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn l\u00fac n\u00e0y s\u1ebd nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb $\\frac{p_2 V_2}{T_2}$ \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2.<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

PH\u1ea6N III. C\u00e2u tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn.<\/strong> Th\u00ed sinh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb c\u00e2u 1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2u 6.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin sau \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u 1 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u 2:<\/strong> Chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. \u1ee8ng v\u1edbi hai v\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 $0^\\circ C$ v\u00e0 $100^\\circ C$ th\u00ec chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf l\u00e0 2 cm v\u00e0 22 cm. L\u1ea5y $T = t + 273$ (K).<\/p>\n

\"Chi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 1.<\/strong> Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng th\u00eam $1^\\circ C$, chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ed9t th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf t\u0103ng th\u00eam bao nhi\u00eau milim\u00e9t?<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 2.<\/strong> Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t em b\u00e9 \u0111ang b\u1ecb s\u1ed1t th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u1ed9t th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n cao 9,9 cm. Trong thang nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 Kelvin, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 em b\u00e9 khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? L\u00e0m tr\u00f2n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin sau \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u 3 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u 4:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch 10 l\u00edt, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 5 atm, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 300 K bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i qua hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb h\u00ecnh b\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 3.<\/strong> Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (3) l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau l\u00edt?<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 4.<\/strong> L\u1ea5y h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed l\u00e0 $R = 0{,}082 \\frac{\\text{atm.l\u00edt}}{\\text{mol.K}}$. T\u00ednh s\u1ed1 mol c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i kh\u00ed. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin sau \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u 5 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u 6:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 dung t\u00edch 3 l\u00edt, ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t 1,5 atm \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 T. B\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 dung t\u00edch 6 l\u00edt, ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. B\u1ecf qua th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i. Coi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hai b\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng nhau.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 5.<\/strong> Khi h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed b\u1eb1ng bao nhi\u00eau atm?<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 6.<\/strong> Sau khi hai b\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, v\u1eabn gi\u1eef ch\u00fang n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng. Gi\u1eefa \u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00e1ch c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. Gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed trong b\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf T, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng kh\u00ed trong b\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 2T. Khi h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1edbi, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed trong hai b\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng bao nhi\u00eau atm?<\/p>\n\n

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