{"id":510,"date":"2025-07-24T07:38:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-24T07:38:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/?p=510"},"modified":"2025-07-24T08:39:13","modified_gmt":"2025-07-24T08:39:13","slug":"tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"200\" data-end=\"568\">M\u00f4n H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i lo l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ed5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang loay hoay kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh\u201d d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea1n. <strong data-start=\"390\" data-end=\"418\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c H\u00f3a<\/strong> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, t\u1eeb l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, b\u00e1m s\u00e1t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng t\u1eeb l\u1edbp 8 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp 12.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"570\" data-end=\"843\">V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, c\u00f3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <strong data-start=\"647\" data-end=\"668\">t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc H\u00f3a t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho h\u1ecdc sinh y\u1ebfu \u2013 m\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c H\u00f3a, h\u1ecdc sinh \u00f4n thi l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-524 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-content\/uploads\/giapsgk-tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc-2.png\" alt=\"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c\" width=\"593\" height=\"351\" \/><\/p>\n<p>$ m_{dd} = \\frac{m_{ct} \\cdot 100}{C\\%} $<\/p>\n<p>$ m_{dd} = m_{ct} + m_{dm} \\quad\\quad m_{dd} = V \\cdot D $<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$m_{dd}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$m_{ct}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t tan (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$C\\%$: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m (%)<\/li>\n<li>$m_{dm}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung m\u00f4i (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$V$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch dung d\u1ecbch (ml)<\/li>\n<li>$D$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch (gam\/ml)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. T\u00ednh s\u1ed1 mol<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-525 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-content\/uploads\/giapsgk-tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc-3.png\" alt=\"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u00f4n t\u1eadp H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cho h\u1ecdc sinh y\u1ebfu\" width=\"564\" height=\"325\" \/><\/p>\n<p>$n = \\frac{m}{M}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$n$: S\u1ed1 mol ch\u1ea5t (mol)<\/li>\n<li>$m$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$M$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol ch\u1ea5t (gam\/mol)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$n = \\frac{V}{22{,}4}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$n$: S\u1ed1 mol ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n (mol)<\/li>\n<li>$V$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chu\u1ea9n (l\u00edt)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$n = C_M \\cdot V$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$n$: S\u1ed1 mol ch\u1ea5t (mol)<\/li>\n<li>$C_M$: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol (mol\/l\u00edt)<\/li>\n<li>$V$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch dung d\u1ecbch (l\u00edt)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>3. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-526 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-content\/uploads\/giapsgk-tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc-4.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong 1 th\u00e1ng\" width=\"629\" height=\"356\" \/><\/p>\n<p>$ C\\% = \\frac{m_{ct} \\cdot 100}{m_{dd}} \\quad\\quad C_M = \\frac{n}{V} $<\/p>\n<p>$ C\\% = \\frac{C_M \\cdot M}{10 \\cdot D} \\quad\\quad C_M = \\frac{C\\% \\cdot 10 \\cdot D}{M} $<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$n$: S\u1ed1 mol ch\u1ea5t tan (mol)<\/li>\n<li>$M$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol (gam\/mol)<\/li>\n<li>$m_{dd}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng dung d\u1ecbch (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$m_{ct}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t tan (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$C\\%$: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m (%)<\/li>\n<li>$C_M$: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol (mol\/l\u00edt ho\u1eb7c M)<\/li>\n<li>$D$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch (gam\/ml)<\/li>\n<li>$V$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch dung d\u1ecbch (l\u00edt)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>4. Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-527 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-content\/uploads\/giapsgk-tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc-5.png\" alt=\"L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc H\u00f3a t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cho h\u1ecdc sinh y\u1ebfu\" width=\"782\" height=\"390\" \/><\/p>\n<p>$V = \\frac{n}{C_M}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$V$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch dung d\u1ecbch (l\u00edt)<\/li>\n<li>$n$: S\u1ed1 mol ch\u1ea5t tan (mol)<\/li>\n<li>$C_M$: N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mol c\u1ee7a dung d\u1ecbch (mol\/l\u00edt ho\u1eb7c M)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$V_{kk} = 5 \\cdot V_{O_2}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$V_{kk}$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (l\u00edt)<\/li>\n<li>$V_{O_2}$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch oxi (l\u00edt)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>5. T\u1ef7 kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-528 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-content\/uploads\/giapsgk-tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc-6.png\" alt=\"M\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?\" width=\"480\" height=\"363\" \/><\/p>\n<p>${d_{A\/B}} = \\frac{{{M_A}}}{{{M_B}}}$<\/p>\n<p>${d_{A\/kk}} = \\frac{{{M_A}}}{{{M_{kk}}}}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$d_{A\/B}$: T\u1ef7 kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed A \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00ed B<\/li>\n<li>$M_A$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol kh\u00ed A (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$M_B$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol kh\u00ed B (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$d_{A\/kk}$: T\u1ef7 kh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed A \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>$M_{kk}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (29 gam)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>6. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-529 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-content\/uploads\/giapsgk-tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc-7.png\" alt=\"C\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i H\u00f3a t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng?\" width=\"802\" height=\"432\" \/><\/p>\n<p>$H\\% = \\frac{m_{sptt} \\cdot 100}{m_{splt}}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$H\\%$: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (%)<\/li>\n<li>$m_{sptt}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (gam, kg,&#8230;)<\/li>\n<li>$m_{splt}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft (gam, kg,&#8230;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>7. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>$H\\% = \\frac{n_{sptt} \\cdot 100}{n_{splt}}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$H\\%$: Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (%)<\/li>\n<li>$n_{sptt}$: S\u1ed1 mol s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (mol)<\/li>\n<li>$n_{splt}$: S\u1ed1 mol s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft (mol)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>8. \u0110\u1ed9 r\u01b0\u1ee3u<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-530 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-content\/uploads\/giapsgk-tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc-8.png\" alt=\"T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc H\u00f3a t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng?\" width=\"757\" height=\"551\" \/><\/p>\n<p>$\u0110_r = \\frac{V_r \\cdot 100}{V_{kk}}$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$\u0110_r$: \u0110\u1ed9 r\u01b0\u1ee3u (\u0111\u1ed9)<\/li>\n<li>$V_r$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch r\u01b0\u1ee3u nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t (ml)<\/li>\n<li>$V_{kk}$: Th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (ml)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>9. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trong c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c $A_xB_y$<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>$\\% A = \\frac{{{M_{{A_x}}} \\cdot 100}}{{{M_{{A_x}{B_y}}}}}\\;$<\/p>\n<p>$\\% B = \\frac{{{M_{{B_y}}} \\cdot 100}}{{{M_{{A_x}{B_y}}}}}$<\/p>\n<p>$\\%B = 100\\% &#8211; \\%A$<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>$\\%A$: Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 A (%)<\/li>\n<li>$\\%B$: Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 B (%)<\/li>\n<li>$M_A$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 A (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$M_B$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 B (gam)<\/li>\n<li>$M_{A_xB_y}$: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t $A_xB_y$ (gam)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u00f4n H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i lo l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc sinh khi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ed5ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang loay hoay kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh\u201d d\u00e0nh cho b\u1ea1n. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c H\u00f3a s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i &#8230; <a title=\"T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/tai-lieu-hoa-hoc-danh-cho-hoc-sinh-mat-goc\/\" aria-label=\"\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh m\u1ea5t g\u1ed1c\">\u0110\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-510","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ly-thuyet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/510","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=510"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/510\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":531,"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/510\/revisions\/531"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=510"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=510"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giapsgk.com\/chuyen-de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=510"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}